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Biology of Reproduction, Vol 15, 39-45, Copyright © 1976 by Society for the Study of Reproduction
1 The Jackson Laboratory,
Bar Harbor, Maine 04609 Requirements for the three energy substrates (glucose, lactate and pyruvate) which are present
in Whitten’s medium for fertilization of mouse ova in vitro by epididymal sperm were examined.
Capacitation of sperm during a 3 h preincubation period occurred equally well in complete
medium and in medium from which lactate and pyruvate had been omitted. The proportion of ova
fertilized by sperm when lactate was omitted from the medium was not significantly different from
that obtained with complete medium. Thus, glucose is the major source of energy for capacitation
of epididymal mouse sperm, but the presence of cumulus cells or pyruvate is required to maintain
ova viability during the incubation with sperm. Ova viability was not maintained by lactate in the
absence of pyruvate. The substitution of fructose for glucose in Whitten’s medium resulted in very
low fertilization rates similar to those found when glucose was omitted from the medium. The rate
at which CO2 was produced from fructose by sperm during a 3 h incubation period was
approximately one-half of the rate from glucose, suggesting that failure of fructose to support
fertilization probably involves deficiencies in its transport or intracellular metabolism to provide
adequate energy for sperm motility and capacitation. Rates of CO2 production from carbon atoms
(numbers 1 and 6) of glucose during incubation with sperm were not significantly different,
suggesting that glucose is oxidized primarily by the glycolytic pathway during capacitation of
sperm.
Note:
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The author expresses gratitude to Dr. W. K.
Whitten for his interest and criticism, and to Dr. A. A.
Kandutsch for his advice on this manuscript. This
work was supported by NIH Research Grant HD
04083 and Research Contract HD-72-2740 from the
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.
The Jackson Laboratory is fully accredited by the
American Association for Accreditation of Laboratory
Animal Care.
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