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Biology of Reproduction, Vol 21, 617-624, Copyright © 1979 by Society for the Study of Reproduction
1 Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center,
U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Clay Center, Nebraska 68933 Uterine blood flow (UBF) of 6 sows was monitored throughout an estrous cycle and the first
30 days of pregnancy using electromagnetic blood flow probes. Probes were placed around both
uterine arteries of each sow on Day 12, 13 or 14 of the estrous cycle (first day of estrus = Day 0).
The UBF (ml/min) was recorded twice daily for 15 min at 0700 and 1600 h. Values were averaged
over both 15 min periods on each day for each artery and considered an estimate of UBF. Blood
flow to uteri of nonpregnant sows was highest from Day -5 to estrus and this was followed by a
gradual decline during the remainder of the estrous cycle. The pattern of blood flow to uteri of
the sows during early pregnancy was similar to that observed during the previous estrous cycle until
Day 11 after mating. On Days 12 and 13 of pregnancy, UBF increased (P<0.0l) 3-fold to 4-fold.
No corresponding increase in UBF was observed in nonpregnant sows during this 2 day period. By
Day 14 of pregnancy, UBF had returned to a level slightly higher than that observed on Day 11,
remained relatively constant from Day 14 to 19, then increased (P<0.01) dramatically to Day 30. A second study was conducted using 7 sows made unilaterally pregnant on Day 2 postmating
(first day of mating = Day 0). Fertilized ova were flushed from one oviduct and the ipsilateral
uterine horn was ligated at the uterine body with silk sutures (nongravid horn). Blood flow probes
were placed around both uterine arteries and UBF was recorded twice daily. Sows were slaughtered
on Day 16 postmating. Five of the 7 sows had embryos and/or embryonic tissue in the nonligated
uterine horn (gravid horn) at slaughter. Sows in which embryonic tissue was found had higher
(P<0.05) blood flow to the gravid compared with the nongravid uterine horn on Days 12 and 13
of pregnancy. Corpora lutea on the ovary ipsilateral to a gravid uterine horn had higher (P<0.05)
progesterone concentrations (±SEM) than did corpora lutea on the contralateral ovary (5.45 ±
1.69 vs 2.07 ± 0.49 µg/g luteal tissue).
Note:
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors gratefully acknowledge the technical
assistance of Bill McDonald and thank Bruce Larson
and Kathy Sorensen for the care of experimental
animals. In addition, the above mentioned people
aided in daily monitoring of uterine arterial blood
flow. Cooperation of the Nebraska Agricultural
Experiment Station, University of Nebraska, Lincoln,
is also acknowledged.
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