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Biology of Reproduction, Vol 22, 864-872, Copyright © 1980 by Society for the Study of Reproduction

Puberty Acceleration in Mice. I. Dose-Response Effects and Lack of Critical Time Following Exposure to Male Mouse Urine

MELBA C. WILSON 1, WESLEY G. BEAMER 1, , and WESLEY K. WHITTEN 1

1 The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609


Hybrid (SJL x SWR)F1 mice were used as the experimental animals in a uterine weight bioassay for puberty-accelerating pheromone of male mice. The bioassay was characterized with respect to age and weight of female mice, time factors and mode of pheromone administration. Advantages over previously used assays are: optimal assay time is short (48 h); a single application of male urine to the oronasal groove provides sufficient stimulus; and there is no seasonal variation.

This bioassay was used to examine the pattern of response to serial, 10-fold dilutions of male urine and to determine whether there was a "critical time" for inhibition by ovulation-blocking agents following pheromonal stimulation. We found a unique dose-response pattern, with a maximal uterine weight response at 10-2 dilution of urine and no response at dilutions greater than 10-3. Dilute male urine was equally as effective as the presence of an intact male, leading us to the conclusion that stimuli other than male urine are not required for the full uterine weight response in F1 mice. Chlorpromazine, a centrally acting drug that blocks ovulation, inhibited the uterine weight response following exposure to male urine at all times studied. This suggests that the rhythmic pattern of hypothalamic activity characteristic of adult cycling mice is not established in prepubertal mice.

Note:
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We wish to acknowledge the expert assistance of S. Carter, who helped with ovulation bioassay and mouse colony maintenance, and B. Dillon for manusript preparation. Research support was derived from an allocation from NIH Grant RR 05545 to the Jackson Laboratory from the Division of Research Resources (MCW), NIH Grant AM-17947 (WGB) and NIH Grant HD-04083 (WKW). Althesin was generously provided by Glaxo Ltd., Greenford, England. The Jackson Laboratory is fully accredited by the American Association for Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care (AAALAC).

Submitted on September 12, 1979
Accepted on January 31, 1980




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