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Biology of Reproduction, Vol 24, 512-518, Copyright © 1981 by Society for the Study of Reproduction
1 Department of Anatomy and Reproductive Biology,
University of Hawaii School of Medicine,
Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 Bivalent (IgG) and monovalent (Fab) antibodies isolated from antisperm autoantiserum of the
guinea pig were tested for their effects on 1) the penetration of guinea pig anna pellucida by
acrosome-reacted guinea pig spermatozoa and 2) the fusion of acrosome-reacted guinea pig spermatozoa with plasma membranes of guinea pig and hamster ova. In the presence of antiserum IgG,
acrosome-reacted spermatozoa appeared as single, highly motile cells. They were completely
prevented from interacting with guinea pig anna and from fusing with zona-free hamster ova, while
their fusion with zona-free guinea pig ova was markedly inhibited. These cellular interactions were
blocked, to a lesser degree, by monovalent (Fab) antibodies isolated from the same antisperm
antiserum. IgG or Fab from normal guinea pig sera had no effect on these cellular interactions.
Pretreatment of ova with antisperm IgG or Fab did not interfere with the interaction of ova with
untreated acrosome-reacted spermatozoa. This study provides the first evidence that autoantigenic
molecules on the surface and/or an intracellular membrane (e.g., the inner acrosomal membrane) of
spermatozoa may be involved in the recognition of complementary ligands on the ova during the
process of sperm-zona and sperm-vitellus interaction. It follows that blockage of these cellular
events in fertilization by antireceptor antibodies is a potential mechanism whereby immune responses to sperm-specific antigens can render females infertile.
2 Department of Anatomy, Toho University Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
3 Department of Pathology,
University of New Mexico,
Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
Note:
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This study was supported by grant RO1HD-12247
and in part by grant ROl HD-14505-01 from the
Institute of Child Health and Human Development of
NIH. We thank Jean Hu, George Montoya, and Partha
Buell for technical assistance, and Linda Lloyd for
preparation of the manuscript.
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