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Biology of Reproduction, Vol 25, 451-457, Copyright © 1981 by Society for the Study of Reproduction
1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Physiology,
University of Maryland School of Medicine,
Baltimore, Maryland 21201 Administration of the antiestrogen ethamoxytriphetol (MER-25) during late baboon gestation has
been reported to result in a marked decline in progesterone (P) production rate. Since both the placenta
and corpus luteum appear to secrete P during late baboon gestation, this decline in P may reflect a loss in
luteal and/or placental function. Therefore, the present study determined the effect of administration of
the antiestrogen MER-25 upon serum steroid concentrations during the luteal phase of the baboon
menstrual cycle, a time when the source of P is almost exclusively the corpus luteum, Six baboons were
bled throughout a control menstrual cycle and during daily administration (15 mg/kg BW, p.o.) of MER-25 throughout the luteal phase of the following cycle. Mean (± SEM) length of the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle was the same in baboons with no
treatment (18 ± 0 days) and after MER-25 administration (18 ± 0 days). Mean (± SEM) serum concentrations of P were similar in the luteal phase with no treatment (5.2 ± 0.7 ng/ml) and during MER-25 administration (5.0 ± 0.6 ng/ml). Serum P attained similar peak values of concentration in the luteal phase
before and after antiestrogen administration and was detectable in the serum for a similar duration of the
luteal phase of both cycles. Mean (± SEM) serum concentrations of 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP),
which may also provide an index of luteal function, were similar in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle
in baboons with no treatment (0.53 ± 0.20 ng/ml) and during administration of MER-25 (0.42 ± 0.15
ng/ml). Serum estradiol (E2) concentrations attained a peak at midcycle, then declined to low values, and
MER-25 had no effect upon serum E2. The present study suggests that production of P by the corpus luteum, and thus the functional maintenance of the corpus luteum during the baboon menstrual cycle, is not influenced by the administration
of antiestrogen. The decline in P production, previously shown in pregnant baboons given antiestrogen,
thus may reflect a reduction in function of the placenta, but not the corpus luteum.
2 Pregnancy Research Branch,
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development,
National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland 20205
3 Department of Physiology,
Eastern Virginia Medical School,
Norfolk, Virginia 23501
Note:
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors are indebted to Dr. William L. Albrecht and the Merrell National Laboratories for their
generous and continuous supply of MER-25. The
authors thank Mrs. Laura Watkins and Mr. Charles
Turner for their expert technical assistance with the
steroid and LH radioimmunoassays, Mrs. Susan McGuire for typing the manuscript, and Mr. Terry
Hooper for his expert care and handling of the baboon
colony.
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