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Biology of Reproduction, Vol 3, 298-307, Copyright © 1970 by Society for the Study of Reproduction
1 Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Department of Animal Biology,
School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 Several aspects of the early in vitro development of the laboratory mouse were examined:
oocyte nuclear maturation, fertilization, fertilization of oocytes matured in vitro, and fetal
development of oocytes matured and fertilized in vitro. Initially, optimum conditions for both oocyte nuclear maturation and fertilization were
established. Oocyte nuclear maturation was greatest (91.7%) when oocytes were cultured
with cumulus cells. The reduction in maturation when oocytes were cultured without cumulus cells (to 59.2%) was significant (p < 0.02) only when serum was not present in the
medium. Fertilization in vitro of oviducal oocytes, measured by the number of two-cell ova
formed, was greatest (90.1%) when the medium contained 30 mg/ml protein and the oocytes
were fertilized with adhering cumulus cells. The removal of the cumulus cells from the
oocytes prior to fertilization reduced (p < 0.001) the number of two-cell ova formed (90.1%
to 46.3%). Using the optimum conditions which produced 91.7% nuclear maturation and 90.1%
fertilization, 37.5% of oocytes matured in vitro were fertilized in vitro. When serum was
omitted from the maturation medium a significant drop (p < 0.01) to 22.5% fertilization
occurred. When oocytes matured and fertilized in vitro were transferred into foster mothers,
3.2% developed into 15-day-old fetuses, thus demonstrating that normal oocyte maturation processes can occur in vitro.
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