| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
a Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon 97201
b Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97006
c University of Wyoming, Department of Molecular Biology, Laramie, Wyoming 82071
There is evidence in several cell systems suggesting that the GnRH receptor couples to multiple G proteins. Presently there are no published studies showing GnRH receptor coupling to Gi
, Gs, and Gq/11 in a single cell type. To examine this possibility we measured palmitoylation of G proteins in response to GnRH receptor occupancy, since this event is a measure of G-protein activation by cognate receptors. GnRH stimulated time (0–120 min)- and dose (10-12–10-6 g/ml)-dependent palmitoylation of both Gi and Gs. Palmitoylation is G-protein activation dependent; accordingly, pertussis toxin (100 ng/ml; PTX), phorbol myristic acid (100 ng/ml), and Antide (50 nM; a GnRH antagonist) did not stimulate palmitoylation of Gi or Gs above basal levels. However, cholera toxin (5 µg/ml), an activator of Gs, stimulated palmitoylation of Gs but not Gi. We used a lactotrope-derived cell line expressing the GnRH receptor (GGH3) to examine whether the ability of the receptor to couple multiple G proteins is gonadotroph specific. GGH3 cells were transfected with specific cDNA coding for different G proteins, and agonist-stimulated second messenger production was assessed. Buserelin (a GnRH agonist) stimulated increased cAMP release in Gs cDNA-transfected GGH3 cells, whereas in Gi cDNA-transfected cells, both inositol phosphate (IP) production and cAMP release were decreased in response to buserelin. Transfection of Gq, G11, G14, and G15 cDNA into GGH3 cells resulted in an increased IP production in response to buserelin, indicating that GnRH receptor couples to this PTX-insensitive G-protein family. The observations presented in this study provide evidence for GnRH receptor coupling to multiple G proteins in a single cell type.
2 Correspondence. FAX: (503) 690–5569; connm{at}ohsu.edu
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  C. D. White, M. Coetsee, K. Morgan, C. A. Flanagan, R. P. Millar, and Z.-L. Lu A Crucial Role for G{alpha}q/11, But Not G{alpha}i/o or G{alpha}s, in Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor-Mediated Cell Growth Inhibition Mol. Endocrinol., November 1, 2008; 22(11): 2520 - 2530. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. S. Monkkonen, R. Aflatoonian, K.-F. Lee, W. S.B. Yeung, S.-W. Tsao, J. T. Laitinen, and A. Fazeli Hormonal regulation of G{alpha}i2 and mPR{alpha} in immortalized human oviductal cell line OE-E6/E7 Mol. Hum. Reprod., December 1, 2007; 13(12): 845 - 851. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Shafiee-Kermani, S.-o. Han, and W. L. Miller Chronic Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Inhibits Activin Induction of the Ovine Follicle-Stimulating Hormone {beta}-Subunit: Involvement of 3',5'-Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Response Element Binding Protein and Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I Endocrinology, July 1, 2007; 148(7): 3346 - 3355. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. S. Monkkonen, R. Aflatoonian, K.-F. Lee, W. S.B. Yeung, S.-W. Tsao, J. T. Laitinen, E. M. Tuckerman, T.C. Li, and A. Fazeli Localization and variable expression of G{alpha}i2 in human endometrium and Fallopian tubes Hum. Reprod., May 1, 2007; 22(5): 1224 - 1230. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Lariviere, G. Garrel, V. Simon, J.-W. Soh, J.-N. Laverriere, R. Counis, and J. Cohen-Tannoudji Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Couples to 3',5'-Cyclic Adenosine-5'-Monophosphate Pathway through Novel Protein Kinase C{delta} and -{epsilon} in L{beta}T2 Gonadotrope Cells Endocrinology, March 1, 2007; 148(3): 1099 - 1107. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Hu, K. Wada, N. Mores, L. Z. Krsmanovic, and K. J. Catt Essential Role of G Protein-gated Inwardly Rectifying Potassium Channels in Gonadotropin-induced Regulation of GnRH Neuronal Firing and Pulsatile Neurosecretion J. Biol. Chem., September 1, 2006; 281(35): 25231 - 25240. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M R Silver and S A Sower Functional characterization and kinetic studies of an ancestral lamprey GnRH-III selective type II GnRH receptor from the sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus. J. Mol. Endocrinol., June 1, 2006; 36(3): 601 - 610. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Wada, L. Hu, N. Mores, C. E. Navarro, H. Fuda, L. Z. Krsmanovic, and K. J. Catt Serotonin (5-HT) Receptor Subtypes Mediate Specific Modes of 5-HT-Induced Signaling and Regulation of Neurosecretion in Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons Mol. Endocrinol., January 1, 2006; 20(1): 125 - 135. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. K. Cheng and P. C. K. Leung Molecular Biology of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)-I, GnRH-II, and Their Receptors in Humans Endocr. Rev., April 1, 2005; 26(2): 283 - 306. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K.-H. Jeong, W. W. Chin, and U. B. Kaiser Essential Role of the Homeodomain for Pituitary Homeobox 1 Activation of Mouse Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Gene Expression through Interactions with c-Jun and DNA Mol. Cell. Biol., July 15, 2004; 24(14): 6127 - 6139. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. P. Millar, Z.-L. Lu, A. J. Pawson, C. A. Flanagan, K. Morgan, and S. R. Maudsley Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptors Endocr. Rev., April 1, 2004; 25(2): 235 - 275. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. G. Romanelli, T. Barni, M. Maggi, M. Luconi, P. Failli, A. Pezzatini, E. Pelo, F. Torricelli, C. Crescioli, P. Ferruzzi, et al. Expression and Function of Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH) Receptor in Human Olfactory GnRH-secreting Neurons: AN AUTOCRINE GnRH LOOP UNDERLIES NEURONAL MIGRATION J. Biol. Chem., January 2, 2004; 279(1): 117 - 126. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. M. Bajo, A. V. Schally, G. Halmos, and A. Nagy Targeted Doxorubicin-containing Luteinizing Hormone-releasing Hormone Analogue AN-152 Inhibits the Growth of Doxorubicin-resistant MX-1 Human Breast Cancers Clin. Cancer Res., September 1, 2003; 9(10): 3742 - 3748. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Chamson-Reig, E. M. Sorianello, P. N. Catalano, M. O. Fernandez, O. P. Pignataro, C. Libertun, and V. A. R. Lux-Lantos Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Signaling Pathways in an Experimental Ovarian Tumor Endocrinology, July 1, 2003; 144(7): 2957 - 2966. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Liu, I. Usui, L. G. Evans, D. A. Austin, P. L. Mellon, J. M. Olefsky, and N. J. G. Webster Involvement of Both Gq/11 and Gs Proteins in Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Receptor-mediated Signaling in Lbeta T2 Cells J. Biol. Chem., August 23, 2002; 277(35): 32099 - 32108. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Castro-Fernandez, J. A. Janovick, S. P. Brothers, R. A. Fisher, T. H. Ji, and P. M. Conn Regulation of RGS3 and RGS10 Palmitoylation by GnRH Endocrinology, April 1, 2002; 143(4): 1310 - 1317. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Wang, D. Y. Oh, J. Bogerd, H. S. Choi, R. S. Ahn, J. Y. Seong, and H. B. Kwon Inhibitory Activity of Alternative Splice Variants of the Bullfrog GnRH Receptor-3 on Wild-Type Receptor Signaling Endocrinology, September 1, 2001; 142(9): 4015 - 4025. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Maya-Nunez and P. Michael Conn Cyclic Adenosine 3',5'-Monophosphate (cAMP) and cAMP Responsive Element-Binding Protein Are Involved in the Transcriptional Regulation of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Receptor by GnRH and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signal Transduction Pathway in GGH3 Cells Biol Reprod, August 1, 2001; 65(2): 561 - 567. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Grundker, P. Volker, and G. Emons Antiproliferative Signaling of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone in Human Endometrial and Ovarian Cancer Cells through G Protein {{alpha}}I-Mediated Activation of Phosphotyrosine Phosphatase Endocrinology, June 1, 2001; 142(6): 2369 - 2380. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Z. Krsmanovic, N. Mores, C. E. Navarro, M. Tomic, and K. J. Catt Regulation of Ca2+-Sensitive Adenylyl Cyclase in Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons Mol. Endocrinol., March 1, 2001; 15(3): 429 - 440. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. K. Kang, C.-J. Tai, P. S. Nathwani, K.-C. Choi, and P. C. K. Leung Stimulation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone in Human Granulosa-Luteal Cells Endocrinology, February 1, 2001; 142(2): 671 - 679. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. K. Kang, C.-J. Tai, P. S. Nathwani, and P. C. K. Leung Differential Regulation of Two Forms of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Messenger Ribonucleic Acid in Human Granulosa-Luteal Cells Endocrinology, January 1, 2001; 142(1): 182 - 192. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. W. Cheng, P. S. Nathwani, and P. C. K. Leung Regulation of Human Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Gene Expression in Placental Cells Endocrinology, July 1, 2000; 141(7): 2340 - 2349. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Grosse, A. Schmid, T. Schoneberg, A. Herrlich, P. Muhn, G. Schultz, and T. Gudermann Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Receptor Initiates Multiple Signaling Pathways by Exclusively Coupling to Gq/11 Proteins J. Biol. Chem., March 24, 2000; 275(13): 9193 - 9200. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. J. Blum, M. C. Reed, J. A. Janovick, and P. M. Conn A mathematical model quantifying GnRH-induced LH secretion from gonadotropes Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, February 1, 2000; 278(2): E263 - E272. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. S. Evanko, M. M. Thiyagarajan, and P. B. Wedegaertner Interaction with Gbeta gamma Is Required for Membrane Targeting and Palmitoylation of Galpha s and Galpha q J. Biol. Chem., January 14, 2000; 275(2): 1327 - 1336. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Maya-Núñez and P. M. Conn Transcriptional Regulation of the Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Gene Is Mediated in Part by a Putative Repressor Element and by the Cyclic Adenosine 3',5'-Monophosphate Response Element Endocrinology, August 1, 1999; 140(8): 3452 - 3458. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X.-b. Han and P. M. Conn The Role of Protein Kinases A and C Pathways in the Regulation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activation in Response to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Activation Endocrinology, May 1, 1999; 140(5): 2241 - 2251. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Lin and P. M. Conn Transcriptional Activation of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Receptor Gene by GnRH: Involvement of Multiple Signal Transduction Pathways Endocrinology, January 1, 1999; 140(1): 358 - 364. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Lin, J. A. Janovick, and P. M. Conn Mutations at the Consensus Phosphorylation Sites in the Third Intracellular Loop of the Rat Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor: Effects on Receptor Ligand Binding and Signal Transduction Biol Reprod, December 1, 1998; 59(6): 1470 - 1476. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. A. Chen and D. R. Manning Regulation of Galpha i Palmitoylation by Activation of the 5-Hydroxytryptamine-1A Receptor J. Biol. Chem., July 28, 2000; 275(31): 23516 - 23522. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
