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a Department of Dairy&Poultry Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0920
Experiments were performed to determine the actions of recombinant bovine interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) on the growth of preimplantation embryos. In the first series of studies, IL-1ß was added at 8–10 h after insemination, and the percentage of oocytes developing to the blastocyst stage was evaluated. IL-1ß increased development to the blastocyst stage when embryos were cultured at high density (~25–30 embryos/drop) but decreased or had no effect on development when cultured at low density (~10 embryos/drop). Thus, the positive effect of IL-1ß depends upon some other embryo-derived product. The effect of IL-1ß on embryonic development was maintained in completely denuded embryos, indicating that cumulus cells do not mediate the actions of IL-1ß. Maximum development of embryos cultured at ~25–30/drop occurred at 0.1–1 ng/ml; 10 ng/ml was less effective. Addition of IL-1ß to groups of ~25–30 embryos/drop at 8–10 h after insemination also increased embryo cell number at Day 5 postinsemination by increasing the proportion of embryos that reached the 9- to 16-cell stage. However, IL-1ß had no effect on the proportion of blastocysts when added at Day 5 postinsemination. Thus, IL-1ß probably acts to increase blastocyst numbers by exerting actions on embryo growth before Day 5. In contrast to its effect on embryos, addition of IL-1ß during oocyte maturation did not affect cumulus expansion, cleavage rate of oocytes, or subsequent development to the blastocyst stage. In conclusion, IL-1ß can modulate growth of bovine embryos at early stages of development in a manner dependent upon embryo density.
2 Correspondence. FAX: 352 392 5595; hansen{at}dps.ufl.edu
3 Current address: Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, caixa postal 15094, CEP: 91–501970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
4 Current address: Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37901.
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