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Gelatinases A and B and Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases 1, 2, and 3 during In Vivo and In Vitro Decidualization of Rat Endometrial Stromal Cells¹

^a Departments of Physiology and Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1

An important event during decidualization is the remodeling of the extracellular matrix, an event controlled by the balance of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). A putative regulator of decidualization is prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂). The present study shows that endometrial mRNA levels for TIMPs 1, 2, and 3 were increased while gelatinase A levels remained unchanged and gelatinase B levels decreased during oil-induced decidualization. The production of TIMPs 1, 2, and 3 and gelatinases A and B during in vitro decidualization was examined, as was the role of PGE₂ as a regulator. Ovariectomized rats were given a regimen of estrogen and progesterone, which sensitized their uteri for decidualization, at which time endometrial stromal cells were isolated and cultured in serum-free conditions for 72 h. Northern blot analyses indicated the presence of the mRNAs for TIMPs and gelatinases, while reverse zymography and zymography showed the presence of their proteins. PGE₂ decreased mRNA levels for TIMP-1 and gelatinase A but had no effect on gelatinase B or TIMPs 2 and 3. Indomethacin had no effect on any of the transcripts. These data indicate that rat endometrial stromal cells undergoing decidualization in vitro secrete gelatinases and TIMPs, and suggest that PGE₂ may play a role in regulating tissue remodeling during decidualization.

¹ This work was supported by the Medical Research Council of Canada, Grant #MT-10414.

² Correspondence: T.G. Kennedy, Department of Physiology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada N6A 5C1. FAX: 519 661 3827; tkennedy{at}physiology.uwo.ca

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