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Biology of Reproduction 61, 464-470 (1999)
©Copyright 1999 Society for the Study of Reproduction, Inc.

Articles

Differential Effects of Intrauterine and Subcutaneous Administration of Recombinant Ovine Interferon Tau on the Endometrium of Cyclic Ewes1

Thomas E. Spencera, Allison G. Stagga, Troy L. Ott3,a, Gregory A. Johnsona, W. Shawn Ramseya, and Fuller W. Bazer2,a

a Department of Animal Science and Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics, Albert B. Alkek Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, College Station, Texas 77843-2471

Interferon tau (IFN{tau}) is the antiluteolytic signal produced by the conceptus of ruminants. Intrauterine administration of recombinant ovine IFN{tau} suppresses expression of endometrial estrogen receptor (ER) and oxytocin receptor (OTR) in the luminal and superficial glandular epithelia to abrogate the production of luteolytic prostaglandin F2{alpha} (PGF2{alpha}) pulses. Subcutaneous (s.c.) injections of recombinant ovine (o) IFN{tau} appear to extend the interestrous interval by altering uterine PGF2{alpha} response to oxytocin. The present study tested the hypothesis that antiluteolytic effects of roIFN{tau} injected into the uterine lumen (paracrine) or s.c. (endocrine) are equivalent in suppressing expression of endometrial ER and OTR and inducing uterine expression of type I IFN-regulated Mx and ubiquitin cross-reactive proteins (UCRP). Sixteen cyclic ewes were fitted with uterine catheters on Day 5 (Day 0 = estrus), were assigned randomly to receive treatment with control proteins or roIFN{tau} (2 x 107 antiviral units/day) by either intrauterine or s.c. injections from Days 11 to 15, and were ovariohysterectomized on Day 16. Results indicated that expression of ER and OTR mRNAs in endometrial epithelium was suppressed by intrauterine but not by s.c. injections of roIFN{tau}. Intrauterine injections of roIFN{tau} increased expression of Mx and UCRP mRNA in the endometrium. Subcutaneous injections of roIFN{tau} increased endometrial Mx mRNA levels but not UCRP mRNA. Unexpectedly, intrauterine and s.c. injections of roIFN{tau} were equally effective in inducing expression of Mx and UCRP mRNA in the corpus luteum. Although s.c. injections of roIFN{tau} induced Mx mRNA in the endometrial epithelium, s.c. injections of roIFN{tau} did not abrogate activation of the uterine luteolytic mechanism by suppressing epithelial ER and OTR expression. Therefore, results of this study failed to support the assumption that endocrine roIFN{tau} mimics antiluteolytic effects of paracrine IFN{tau} to improve pregnancy rates in sheep.

1 Supported by USDA-NRICGP grants 95-37203-2185 to F.W.B. and 96-35203-3457 to T.L.O.

2 Correspondence: Fuller W. Bazer, Department of Animal Science and Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics, Albert B. Alkek Institute of Biosciences and Technology, 442D Kleberg Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2471. FAX: 409 862 2662; fbazer{at}cvm.tamu.edu

3 Current address: Animal and Veterinary Science Department, 216 Agricultural Sciences Building, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-2330.




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