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Interleukin-8 Release from Human Gestational Tissue Explants: Effects of Gestation, Labor, and Chorioamnionitis¹

^a Perinatal Research Centre, Department of Perinatal Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, Carlton, Victoria, 3053, Australia

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a chemotactic cytokine that has been implicated in the process of human parturition, including the processes of cervical ripening and rupture of fetal membranes. In this study, the in vitro release of IL-8 from human amnion, choriodecidua, and placenta tissues obtained before and after spontaneous labor onset both at term and preterm, was assessed. The effect of chorioamnionitis on IL-8 release was also established. All tissue explants examined released IL-8; however, IL-8 release from choriodecidual explants was significantly (p < 0.02) greater than that observed from amnion and placenta. Furthermore, choriodecidual IL-8 release was significantly (p < 0.001) greater from term tissues (850 ± 134.4 ng/mg DNA, n = 18) than from preterm tissues (458 ± 68.8 ng/mg DNA, n = 17). Spontaneous onset of labor, irrespective of the eventual mode of delivery, was not associated with any significant changes in IL-8 release from human gestational tissues compared to not-in-labor tissues, both at term and preterm. IL-8 release from gestational tissues was not significantly different in the absence or presence of chorioamnionitis. These data are in contrast to the previously reported stimulatory effects of bacterial endotoxin on IL-8 release from human gestational tissues. The data are consistent, however, with the suggestion that IL-8 release is an early event in chorioamnionitis that precedes the appearance of clinically overt symptoms.

¹ The work described in this manuscript was supported by the Victorian Health Promotion Foundation (S.P.B. and G.E.R.), the Glyn White Fellowship (N.L.), and the Arthur Wilson Memorial Scholarship (S.P.B.) of the Royal Australian College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists Research Foundation. G.E.R. is in receipt of a National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia Principal Research Fellowship.

² Correspondence: Gregory E. Rice, Perinatal Research Centre, Department of Perinatal Medicine, The Royal Women's Hospital, 132 Grattan Street, Carlton, 3053, Victoria, Australia. FAX: 61 3 9347 2472; gerice{at}ariel.its.unimelb.edu.au

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