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a Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics, Albert B. Alkek Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, and Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University,College Station, Texas 77843-2471
b Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
c Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50650, Israel
Studies were conducted to determine effects of intrauterine administration of recombinant ovine interferon 
(IFN), placental lactogen (PL), and growth hormone (GH) on endometrial function. In the first study, administration of IFN to cyclic ewes for one period (Days 11–15) resulted in an interestrous interval (IEI) of ~30 days, whereas administration for two periods (Days 11–15 and Days 21–25) extended the IEI to greater than 50 days. Administration of IFN from Days 11 to 15 and of PL or GH from Days 21 to 25 failed to extend the IEI more than for IFN alone. In the second study, effects of IFN, PL, and GH on endometrial differentiation and function were determined in ovariectomized ewes receiving ovarian steroid replacement therapy. Endometrial expression of mRNAs for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and oxytocin receptor (OTR) were not affected by PL or GH treatment; however, uterine milk protein mRNA levels and stratum spongiosum gland density were increased by both PL and GH treatments. Collectively, results indicated that 1) PL and GH do not regulate endometrial PR, ER, and OTR expression or affect corpus luteum life span; 2) down-regulation of epithelial PR expression is requisite for progesterone induction of secretory gene expression in uterine glandular epithelium; 3) effects of PL and GH on endometrial function require IFN; and 4) PL and GH regulate endometrial gland proliferation and perhaps differentiated function.
2 Correspondence: Fuller W. Bazer, Department of Animal Science and Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics, Albert B. Alkek Institute of Biosciences and Technology, 442D Kleberg Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2471. FAX: 409 862 2662; fbazer{at}cvm.tamu.edu
3 Current address: Animal and Veterinary Science Department, 216 Agricultural Sciences Building, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-2330.
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H. Gao, G. Wu, T. E. Spencer, G. A. Johnson, and F. W. Bazer Select Nutrients in the Ovine Uterine Lumen. III. Cationic Amino Acid Transporters in the Ovine Uterus and Peri-Implantation Conceptuses Biol Reprod, March 1, 2009; 80(3): 602 - 609. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. Song, M. C. Satterfield, J. Kim, F. W. Bazer, and T. E. Spencer Gastrin-Releasing Peptide (GRP) in the Ovine Uterus: Regulation by Interferon Tau and Progesterone Biol Reprod, August 1, 2008; 79(2): 376 - 386. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. C. Satterfield, F. W. Bazer, and T. E. Spencer Progesterone Regulation of Preimplantation Conceptus Growth and Galectin 15 (LGALS15) in the Ovine Uterus Biol Reprod, August 1, 2006; 75(2): 289 - 296. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. Song, T. E. Spencer, and F. W. Bazer Progesterone and Interferon-{tau} Regulate Cystatin C in the Endometrium Endocrinology, July 1, 2006; 147(7): 3478 - 3483. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. Song, F. W. Bazer, G. F. Wagner, and T. E. Spencer Stanniocalcin (STC) in the Endometrial Glands of the Ovine Uterus: Regulation by Progesterone and Placental Hormones Biol Reprod, May 1, 2006; 74(5): 913 - 922. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. A. Gray, C. A. Abbey, P. D. Beremand, Y. Choi, J. L. Farmer, D. L. Adelson, T. L. Thomas, F. W. Bazer, and T. E. Spencer Identification of Endometrial Genes Regulated by Early Pregnancy, Progesterone, and Interferon Tau in the Ovine Uterus Biol Reprod, February 1, 2006; 74(2): 383 - 394. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M.P. Green, L.D. Spate, J.A. Bixby, A.D. Ealy, and R.M. Roberts A Comparison of the Anti-Luteolytic Activities of Recombinant Ovine Interferon-Alpha and -Tau in Sheep Biol Reprod, December 1, 2005; 73(6): 1087 - 1093. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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F. J. White, J. W. Ross, M. M. Joyce, R. D. Geisert, R. C. Burghardt, and G. A. Johnson Steroid Regulation of Cell Specific Secreted Phosphoprotein 1 (Osteopontin) Expression in the Pregnant Porcine Uterus Biol Reprod, December 1, 2005; 73(6): 1294 - 1301. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. Song, T. E. Spencer, and F. W. Bazer Cathepsins in the Ovine Uterus: Regulation by Pregnancy, Progesterone, and Interferon Tau Endocrinology, November 1, 2005; 146(11): 4825 - 4833. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C A. Gray, K. A Dunlap, R. C Burghardt, and T. E Spencer Galectin-15 in ovine uteroplacental tissues Reproduction, August 1, 2005; 130(2): 231 - 240. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. A. Balaguer, R. A. Pershing, C. Rodriguez-Sallaberry, W. W. Thatcher, and L. Badinga Effects of Bovine Somatotropin on Uterine Genes Related to the Prostaglandin Cascade in Lactating Dairy Cows J Dairy Sci, February 1, 2005; 88(2): 543 - 552. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. E Spencer, G. A Johnson, F. W Bazer, and R. C Burghardt Implantation mechanisms: insights from the sheep Reproduction, December 1, 2004; 128(6): 657 - 668. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. R. Bilby, A. Guzeloglu, S. Kamimura, S. M. Pancarci, F. Michel, H. H. Head, and W. W. Thatcher Pregnancy and Bovine Somatotropin in Nonlactating Dairy Cows: I. Ovarian, Conceptus, and Insulin-Like Growth Factor System Responses J Dairy Sci, October 1, 2004; 87(10): 3256 - 3267. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Guzeloglu, T. R. Bilby, A. Meikle, S. Kamimura, A. Kowalski, F. Michel, L. A. MacLaren, and W. W. Thatcher Pregnancy and Bovine Somatotropin in Nonlactating Dairy Cows: II. Endometrial Gene Expression Related to Maintenance of Pregnancy J Dairy Sci, October 1, 2004; 87(10): 3268 - 3279. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C Martin, L Pessemesse, M P de la Llosa-Hermier, J Martal, J Djiane, and M Charlier Interferon-{tau} upregulates prolactin receptor mRNA in the ovine endometrium during the peri-implantation period Reproduction, July 1, 2004; 128(1): 99 - 105. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. E. Spencer, G. A. Johnson, R. C. Burghardt, and F. W. Bazer Progesterone and Placental Hormone Actions on the Uterus: Insights from Domestic Animals Biol Reprod, July 1, 2004; 71(1): 2 - 10. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 C. A. Gray, D. L. Adelson, F. W. Bazer, R. C. Burghardt, E. N. T. Meeusen, and T. E. Spencer Discovery and characterization of an epithelial-specific galectin in the endometrium that forms crystals in the trophectoderm PNAS, May 25, 2004; 101(21): 7982 - 7987. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. E. Spencer and F. W. Bazer Uterine and placental factors regulating conceptus growth in domestic animals J Anim Sci, January 1, 2004; 82(13_suppl): E4 - 13. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. A. Johnson, R. C. Burghardt, F. W. Bazer, and T. E. Spencer Osteopontin: Roles in Implantation and Placentation Biol Reprod, November 1, 2003; 69(5): 1458 - 1471. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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E. Biener, C. Martin, N. Daniel, S. J. Frank, V. E. Centonze, B. Herman, J. Djiane, and A. Gertler Ovine Placental Lactogen-Induced Heterodimerization of Ovine Growth Hormone and Prolactin Receptors in Living Cells Is Demonstrated by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Microscopy and Leads to Prolonged Phosphorylation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT)1 and STAT3 Endocrinology, August 1, 2003; 144(8): 3532 - 3540. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. A. Johnson, R. C. Burghardt, M. M. Joyce, T. E. Spencer, F. W. Bazer, C. A. Gray, and C. Pfarrer Osteopontin Is Synthesized by Uterine Glands and a 45-kDa Cleavage Fragment Is Localized at the Uterine-Placental Interface Throughout Ovine Pregnancy Biol Reprod, July 1, 2003; 69(1): 92 - 98. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Noel, A. Herman, G. A. Johnson, C. A. Gray, M. D. Stewart, F. W. Bazer, A. Gertler, and T. E. Spencer Ovine Placental Lactogen Specifically Binds to Endometrial Glands of the Ovine Uterus Biol Reprod, March 1, 2003; 68(3): 772 - 780. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. D. Carpenter, C. A. Gray, S. Noel, A. Gertler, F. W. Bazer, and T. E. Spencer Prolactin Regulation of Neonatal Ovine Uterine Gland Morphogenesis Endocrinology, January 1, 2003; 144(1): 110 - 120. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. E. Garlow, H. Ka, G. A. Johnson, R. C. Burghardt, L. A. Jaeger, and F. W. Bazer Analysis of Osteopontin at the Maternal-Placental Interface in Pigs Biol Reprod, March 1, 2002; 66(3): 718 - 725. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. A. Gray, F. F. Bartol, B. J. Tarleton, A. A. Wiley, G. A. Johnson, F. W. Bazer, and T. E. Spencer Developmental Biology of Uterine Glands Biol Reprod, November 1, 2001; 65(5): 1311 - 1323. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. Ka, L. A. Jaeger, G. A. Johnson, T. E. Spencer, and F. W. Bazer Keratinocyte Growth Factor Is Up-Regulated by Estrogen in the Porcine Uterine Endometrium and Functions in Trophectoderm Cell Proliferation and Differentiation Endocrinology, June 1, 2001; 142(6): 2303 - 2310. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. A. Johnson, M. D. Stewart, C. Allison Gray, Y. Choi, R. C. Burghardt, L.-Y. Yu-Lee, F. W. Bazer, and T. E. Spencer Effects of the Estrous Cycle, Pregnancy, and Interferon Tau on 2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase Expression in the Ovine Uterus Biol Reprod, May 1, 2001; 64(5): 1392 - 1399. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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C. Chen, T. E. Spencer, and F. W. Bazer Fibroblast Growth Factor-10: A Stromal Mediator of Epithelial Functionin the Ovine Uterus Biol Reprod, September 1, 2000; 63(3): 959 - 966. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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M. D. Stewart, G. A. Johnson, C. A. Gray, R. C. Burghardt, L. A. Schuler, M. M. Joyce, F. W. Bazer, and T. E. Spencer Prolactin Receptor and Uterine Milk Protein Expression in the Ovine Endometrium During the Estrous Cycle and Pregnancy Biol Reprod, June 1, 2000; 62(6): 1779 - 1789. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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G. A. Johnson, T. E. Spencer, R. C. Burghardt, K. M. Taylor, C. A. Gray, and F. W. Bazer Progesterone Modulation of Osteopontin Gene Expression in the Ovine Uterus Biol Reprod, May 1, 2000; 62(5): 1315 - 1321. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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K. M. Taylor, C. A. Gray, M. M. Joyce, M. D. Stewart, F. W. Bazer, and T. E. Spencer Neonatal Ovine Uterine Development Involves Alterations in Expression of Receptors for Estrogen, Progesterone, and Prolactin Biol Reprod, April 1, 2000; 63(4): 1192 - 1204. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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