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a Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
Detrimental effects of oxygen-derived free radicals on embryos during culture have been demonstrated in several species. Vitamin E occurs naturally in cell membranes and protects cells from oxidative stress. Under some conditions, vitamin C acts synergistically to enhance the antioxidant effects of vitamin E, a benefit that may be further enhanced by EDTA. The present experiments concerned culture of bovine embryos derived from in vitro-matured, fertilized oocytes with vitamin E, vitamin C, and EDTA in a chemically defined culture medium + 0.2% BSA at 5% O2, 5% CO2, and 90% N2. In the first experiment, more zygotes developed to expanded blastocysts (17%, n = 224, P < 0.05) when culture medium contained 100 µM vitamin E than in control medium (11%, n = 234). Development to early, expanded, and hatched blastocysts was lower with vitamins E and C combined than with vitamin E alone (15%, 9%, and 2% vs. 24%, 17%, and 5%, respectively; P < 0.05), as was the mean number of cells per blastocyst (56 vs. 84, P < 0.05). Addition of EDTA (3 µM) failed to improve development over that in culture with vitamin E + vitamin C. In experiment 2, in vitro-produced embryos cultured 5.5 days in medium with or without 100 µM vitamin E were transferred nonsurgically to recipient cows and heifers and then collected nonsurgically 7 days later. Embryos cultured with vitamin E (n = 37) were approximately 63% larger in surface area than controls (1.16 mm2 vs. 0.71 mm2 surface area; n = 27, P < 0.04).
1 This research was supported by USDA CGP 92-37203-7765 and the Colorado State University Experiment Station through Regional Project W-171.
2 Correspondence: G.E. Seidel, Jr., ARBL Building, Foothills Campus, Fort Collins, CO 80523. FAX: 970 491 3557; gseidel{at}cvmbs.colostate.edu
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