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Knockout Mice1
a Departments of Animal Sciences and
b Biochemistry and Child Health, University of Missouri at Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211
c Department of Biomedical Sciences, University Medical School, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, United Kingdom
Estrogen receptor-
(ER) knockout (ERKO) female mice are infertile. Initially, they exhibit normal follicular development, but by 4–5 wk of age, they begin to develop hemorrhagic ovarian cysts. Follicles in adult ERKO female mice progress to the graafian stage, but there are no corpora lutea (CL). To test whether ER is required for ovarian folliculogenesis, ovulation, and CL formation, eCG and hCG were used to ovulate 3- to 5-wk-old ERKO and wild-type (WT) sibling mice. Gonadotropin administration resulted in ovulation in both ERKO and WT mice. Gonadotropin-treated ERKO females that ovulated produced 7.09 ± 0.77 oocytes per mouse, whereas gonadotropin-treated WT female mice had 16.17 ± 0.84 oocytes. Surprisingly, ruptured ERKO ovarian follicles developed into CL that had normal morphology. Gonadotropin-treated ERKO mice had 3-fold higher concentrations of serum progesterone than did control ERKO mice that had been administered saline rather than gonadotropins. Thus, the CL in gonadotropin-treated ERKO mice appeared to be steroidogenically functional. On the basis of these findings, ovarian folliculogenesis, ovulation, and CL formation can occur in the absence of ER, although to a lesser extent than in WT mice.
1 This work was supported by a USDA National Needs Fellowship to C.S.R. Part of this work was presented at the Serono Ovarian Workshop, Houston, TX, 1998.
2 Correspondence: Dennis B. Lubahn, University of Missouri, 163 ASRC, 920 East Campus Drive, Columbia, MO 65211. FAX: 573 882 6827; lubahnd{at}missouri.edu
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