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Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in the Bovine Corpus Luteum: Characterization of Steady-State Messenger Ribonucleic Acid and Immunohistochemical Localization¹

^a Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio 44691-4096 ^b Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Medical School, Okayama 700, Japan

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by T cells and macrophages. A number of tissues also produce MIF during states of active differentiation and/or proliferation. The purpose of this study was to determine whether MIF is present in the corpus luteum (CL). The steady-state mRNA for MIF was examined in CL by Northern analysis on Day 5, Days 9–12, and Day 18 of the estrous cycle and at 0.5, 1, 4, 12, 24, and 36 h after a luteolytic injection of prostaglandin F₂ (PGF₂) (n = 4 CL per time point). The greatest amount of MIF mRNA was observed in Day 5 CL compared with midcycle and Day 18 CL. Messenger RNA for MIF in CL collected 0.5 h post-PGF₂ was greater than in midcycle and all other regressing CL. Immunohistochemical analysis (n = 4) revealed that MIF was present in the bovine CL throughout the estrous cycle and appeared to be localized to large luteal cells. It was concluded that MIF is produced within the bovine CL, mRNA expression is maximal in the early CL, and the protein is primarily localized to large luteal cells. The functional significance of MIF remains to be determined.

First decision: 17 August 1999.

¹ This research was supported by USDA Grant No. 96-35203-3355 to J.L.P. Salaries and research support provided by State and Federal funds appropriated to the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University.

² Correspondence: J.L. Pate, Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691-4096. FAX: 330 263 3949; pate.1{at}osu.edu

³ Current address: Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Kansas City, KS 66160.

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