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a Loeb Health Research Institute, Hormones/Growth/Development Group, Human In Vitro Fertilization Program, Ottawa Hospital at Civic Campus, and Departments of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Biochemistry/Microbiology/Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1Y 4E9
b Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Sulfogalactosylglycerolipid (SGG) is the major sulfoglycolipid of mammalian male germ cells. Like other sulfoglycolipids, SGG is believed to be involved in cell-cell/extracellular matrix adhesion. Specifically, we investigated whether sperm SGG played a role in sperm-egg interaction. Initially, we produced an affinity-purified, rabbit polyclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibody that specifically recognized SGG (anti-SGG). Indirect immunofluorescence using anti-SGG IgG localized SGG to the convex and concave ridges and the postacrosome of the mouse sperm head. Pretreatment of sperm with anti-SGG IgG/Fab inhibited sperm-zona pellucida (ZP) binding in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner (to a maximum of 62%). This inhibition was observed at the level of primary binding. Sperm treated with anti-SGG IgG underwent the spontaneous and ZP-induced acrosome reaction at the same rate as control sperm treated with preimmune rabbit serum IgG. Fluorescently labeled SGG liposomes were shown to associate specifically with the egg ZP, whereas fluorescently labeled liposomes of galactosylglycerolipid (SGG's parental lipid) and phosphatidylserine (negatively charged like SGG) did not. Furthermore, coincubation of SGG liposomes with sperm and isolated ZP inhibited sperm-ZP binding in a concentration-dependent manner. These results strongly suggest an involvement of sperm SGG in direct binding to the ZP.
First decision: 20 December 1999.
1 Supported by grants from the Medical Research Council Canada (MT-10366) and the Rockefeller Foundation. D.W. is a recipient of the Dimitri N. Chorafas Award (1997) and Norman Barwin Scholarship, Planned Parenthood Federation of Canada (1998–1999). W.W. is an awardee of a graduate study scholarship from the National Science and Technology Development Agency of Thailand. B.G. is supported by the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences and Arts (KNAW).
2 Correspondence: Nongnuj Tanphaichitr, Loeb Health Research Institute, 725 Parkdale Ave., Ottawa, ON, Canada K1Y 4E9. FAX: 613 761 5365; ntanphaichitr{at}lri.ca
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