| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Articles |
b Department of Reproductive Science and Medicine, Division of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London, W12 ONN, United Kingdom
c Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1 6BT, United Kingdom
Normally fertilized, Day 2 human embryos of good morphology were cultured to Day 6 in glucose-free Earle's balanced salt solution supplemented with 1 mM glutamine, with (n = 42) and without (n = 45) 1.7 nM IGF-I. Apoptotic cells in Day 6 blastocysts were identified using terminal deoxynucleotidyl dUTP terminal transferase (TUNEL) labeling to detect DNA fragmentation and 4’-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) counterstain to evaluate nuclear morphology. The number of nuclei and extent of DNA and nuclear fragmentation was assessed using laser scanning confocal microscopy.
IGF-I significantly increased the proportion of embryos developing to the blastocyst stage from 49% (control) to 74% (+IGF-I) (P < 0.05). IGF-I also significantly decreased the mean proportion of apoptotic nuclei from 16.3 ± 2.9% (–IGF-I) to 8.7 ± 1.4% (+IGF-I) (P < 0.05). The total number of cells remained similar between both groups (61.7 ± 4.6 with IGF-I; 54.5 ± 5.1 without IGF-I). The increased number of blastocysts combined with reduced cell death suggests that IGF-I is rescuing embryos in vitro which would otherwise arrest and acting as a survival factor during preimplantation human development.
Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) has been shown to increase the proportion of embryos forming blastocysts and the number of inner cell mass cells in human and other mammalian preimplantation embryos. Here we examined whether the increased cell number resulted from increased cell division or decreased cell death.
1 Correspondence: Sophie Spanos, Dept. of Reproductive Science and Medicine, Division of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Rd., London, W12 ONN, UK. FAX: 4420 8383 2381; s.spanos{at}ic.ac.uk
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  P. Wang, M. R. Bowl, S. Bender, J. Peng, L. Farber, J. Chen, A. Ali, Z. Zhang, A. S. Alberts, R. V. Thakker, et al. Parafibromin, a Component of the Human PAF Complex, Regulates Growth Factors and Is Required for Embryonic Development and Survival in Adult Mice Mol. Cell. Biol., May 1, 2008; 28(9): 2930 - 2940. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. T Nguyen, A. M Sheppard, P. L Kaye, and P. G Noakes IGF-I and insulin activate mitogen-activated protein kinase via the type 1 IGF receptor in mouse embryonic stem cells Reproduction, July 1, 2007; 134(1): 41 - 49. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Vandaele, B. Mateusen, D. G D Maes, A. de Kruif, and A. Van Soom Temporal detection of caspase-3 and -7 in bovine in vitro produced embryos of different developmental capacity Reproduction, April 1, 2007; 133(4): 709 - 718. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Kawamura, N. Kawamura, J. Kumagai, J. Fukuda, and T. Tanaka Tumor Necrosis Factor Regulation of Apoptosis in Mouse Preimplantation Embryos and Its Antagonism by Transforming Growth Factor Alpha/Phosphatidylionsitol 3-Kinase Signaling System Biol Reprod, April 1, 2007; 76(4): 611 - 618. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. K Riley and K. H Moley Glucose utilization and the PI3-K pathway: mechanisms for cell survival in preimplantation embryos. Reproduction, May 1, 2006; 131(5): 823 - 835. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. K. Riley, M. O. Carayannopoulos, A. H. Wyman, M. Chi, and K. H. Moley Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Activity Is Critical for Glucose Metabolism and Embryo Survival in Murine Blastocysts J. Biol. Chem., March 3, 2006; 281(9): 6010 - 6019. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Honda, H. Tanikawa, J. Fukuda, K. Kawamura, N. Sato, T. Sato, Y. Shimizu, H. Kodama, and T. Tanaka Expression of Smac/DIABLO in mouse preimplantation embryos and its correlation to apoptosis and fragmentation Mol. Hum. Reprod., March 1, 2005; 11(3): 183 - 188. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. Han, Y. G. Chung, S. Gao, and K. E. Latham Maternal Factors Controlling Blastomere Fragmentation in Early Mouse Embryos Biol Reprod, March 1, 2005; 72(3): 612 - 618. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Navarrete Santos, S. Tonack, M. Kirstein, S. Kietz, and B. Fischer Two insulin-responsive glucose transporter isoforms and the insulin receptor are developmentally expressed in rabbit preimplantation embryos Reproduction, November 1, 2004; 128(5): 503 - 516. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F.D. Jousan and P.J. Hansen Insulin-like Growth Factor-I as a Survival Factor for the Bovine Preimplantation Embryo Exposed to Heat Shock Biol Reprod, November 1, 2004; 71(5): 1665 - 1670. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Stojkovic, M. Lako, P. Stojkovic, R. Stewart, S. Przyborski, L. Armstrong, J. Evans, M. Herbert, L. Hyslop, S. Ahmad, et al. Derivation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells from Day-8 Blastocysts Recovered after Three-Step In Vitro Culture Stem Cells, September 1, 2004; 22(5): 790 - 797. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Levy, K. Elder, and Y. Menezo Cytoplasmic transfer in oocytes: biochemical aspects Hum. Reprod. Update, May 1, 2004; 10(3): 241 - 250. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A Kidson, F J Rubio-Pomar, A Van Knegsel, H T A Van Tol, W Hazeleger, D W B Ducro-Steverink, B Colenbrander, S J Dieleman, and M M Bevers Quality of porcine blastocysts produced in vitro in the presence or absence of GH Reproduction, February 1, 2004; 127(2): 165 - 177. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Tremoleda, T. A.E. Stout, I. Lagutina, G. Lazzari, M. M. Bevers, B. Colenbrander, and C. Galli Effects of In Vitro Production on Horse Embryo Morphology, Cytoskeletal Characteristics, and Blastocyst Capsule Formation Biol Reprod, December 1, 2003; 69(6): 1895 - 1906. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Sjoblom, M. Wikland, and S. A. Robertson Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) Acts Independently of the Beta Common Subunit of the GM-CSF Receptor to Prevent Inner Cell Mass Apoptosis in Human Embryos Biol Reprod, December 1, 2002; 67(6): 1817 - 1823. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.V. Makarevich and M. Markkula Apoptosis and Cell Proliferation Potential of Bovine Embryos Stimulated with Insulin-Like Growth Factor I During In Vitro Maturation and Culture Biol Reprod, February 1, 2002; 66(2): 386 - 392. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Kawamura, J. Fukuda, H. Kodama, J. Kumagai, A. Kumagai, and T. Tanaka Expression of Fas and Fas ligand mRNA in rat and human preimplantation embryos Mol. Hum. Reprod., May 1, 2001; 7(5): 431 - 436. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
