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Regular Article |
a Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, and Harbor-UCLA Research and Education Institute, Torrance, California 90502
ABSTRACT
Programmed cell death occurs spontaneously during spermatogenesis and can be induced in a cell- and stage-specific manner by mild testicular hyperthermia. Studies using transgenic mice suggest the involvement of Bcl-2 proteins in regulating germ cell apoptosis. To delineate further the pathways involved, we examined the temporal changes in proapoptotic Bax and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 in rat testes after transient exposure to heat (43°C for 15 min). Germ cell apoptosis, involving exclusively early (I–IV) and late (XII–XIV) stages, was activated within 6 h. Initiation of apoptosis was preceded by a redistribution of Bax from a cytoplasmic to perinuclear localization within 0.5 h of heating as assessed by immunocytochemical methods. In contrast, Bcl-2 is distributed both in the cytoplasm and nucleus in those cell types susceptible to heat-induced apoptosis. Despite the striking redistribution, Bax levels remained unchanged as determined by Western analysis; Bcl-2 levels increased significantly by 6 h after heat exposure. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated no change in either Bax or Bcl-2 mRNA levels in response to heat, suggesting the involvement of post-transcriptional rather than transcriptional mechanisms mediating their activity. The marked subcellular redistribution of Bax prior to activation of apoptosis and the increase in Bcl-2 suggest an involvement of Bcl-2 family members in heat-induced apoptotic death of germ cells.
First decision: 19 April 2000.
1 This study was supported by a National Institutes of Health training grant DK07571.
2 Correspondence: Ronald S. Swerdloff, Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 W. Carson St., Torrance, CA 90502. FAX: 310 533 0627; swerdloff{at}gcrc.humc.edu
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