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Regular Article |
c Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
d Maebashi Institute of Animal Science, Livestock Improvement Association, JAPAN, Inc., Maebashi 371-0121, Japan
ABSTRACT
The effect of the oviductal environment on gene expression in 2-cell mouse embryos was examined with mRNA differential display. Embryos used for experiments were cultured in modified Whitten medium with or without oviductal tissue until late 2-cell stage. The results of sequencing indicated that the genes for ATP synthase (ATPase 6), S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (S-AMDC) and nuclear autoantigenic sperm protein (NASP) were differentially expressed in embryos cultured in the oviductal environment (nonblocking culture condition). The ATPase 6 gene is encoded by mitochondrial DNA and is essential for the production of ATP. This indicates that the expression of ATP synthesis-related genes at the 2-cell stage may be required to maintain normal development in vitro. S-Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase decarboxylates adenosylmethionine, which is a substrate of DNA methylation. The expression of S-AMDC may be responsible for the low level of methylation of preimplantation development. As NASP is a histone-binding protein that is thought to be testis and sperm specific, its function in embryos remains unclear. On the other hand, the Tcl1 gene and a novel gene, the c-1 gene, were strongly expressed in embryos cultured without oviductal tissue (blocking culture condition). The expression patterns of these genes are quite similar. However, the detailed functions of these genes in embryos remain to be determined.
1 Part of this work was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture (no. 10660270 to N.M.) and a grant from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JPS-RFTF 97L00905 to N.M.).
2 Correspondence. FAX: 81 75 753 6329; naojiro{at}kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp
3 Current address: Drug Safety Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd., 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-choume Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan.
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