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Interrelationships of Porcine X and Y Chromosomes with Pituitary Gonadotropins and Testicular Size¹

^a USDA, ARS, RLH US Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska 68933

ABSTRACT

Endocrine and testicular responses to unilateral castration on 1, 10, 56, or 112 days of age were characterized in 132 Chinese Meishan (MS) x White composite (WC) crossbred boars in which testicular size associates with a quantitative trait locus (QTL) on X chromosome. At 220 days of age, testicles of boars unilaterally castrated on Day 1 or 10 weighed more and had greater total daily sperm production (DSP) than one testicle of bilaterally intact boars (P < 0.05); compensation did not double these two responses. Boars with MS alleles at the X chromosome QTL had smaller testicles, darker colored parenchyma, and lower total DSP than boars with WC alleles (P < 0.05). The MS alleles engendered greater (P < 0.05) plasma FSH and LH during puberty than WC alleles. Plasma FSH increased (P < 0.05) within 48 h of unilateral castration on Days 1, 10, and 56. Subsequent increases occurred earlier during puberty (P < 0.05) after unilateral castration at younger ages than after unilateral castration at older ages. Pubertal increases in plasma FSH and LH were greater (P < 0.05) in boars with MS alleles than in those with WC alleles for the X chromosome QTL. Breed of Y chromosome had no effect on testicular traits, FSH, testosterone, or estrone. For LH, boars with an MS Y chromosome had greater (P < 0.01) plasma LH across all ages than boars with a WC Y chromosome. We conclude that a gene or groups of genes that reside on the porcine X chromosome regulate testicular development and pubertal gonadotropin concentrations.

FOOTNOTES

First decision: 3 April 2001.

¹ Names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and the use of the name by USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable.

² Correspondence: J.J. Ford, USDA, ARS, RLH US Meat Animal Research Center, P.O. Box 166, State Spur 18D, Clay Center, NE 68933. FAX: 402 762 4382; ford{at}email.marc.usda.gov

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