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Regular Article |
Upregulate Gene Expression of Members of the 1-8 Family in the Bovine Uterus1
a Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071
b Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
ABSTRACT
The 1-8 family (1-8U, 1-8D, Leu-13/9-27) of interferon (IFN)-inducible genes encodes proteins that are components of multimeric complexes involved with transduction of antiproliferative and homotypic adhesion signals. Human 1-8 family members are highly similar and are regulated by type 1 and type 2 IFNs. Because the bovine uterus is bathed in conceptus-derived IFN
during early pregnancy, it was hypothesized that members of the 1-8 family were upregulated in the bovine uterus during early pregnancy. Oligonucleotide primers were designed based on human and rat 1-8U and Leu-13 cDNAs and used in reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions to amplify bovine cDNAs from endometrial RNA. The bovine 1-8U cDNA was sequenced, found to be 84% identical to the human 1-8U, and used to screen a bovine endometrial cDNA library to isolate the full-length 1-8U and Leu-13 cDNAs. The inferred amino acid sequences of bovine 1-8U and Leu-13 were 72% and 73% identical to their respective human counterparts. Bovine 1-8U and Leu-13 retain an amino acid motif that is conserved in other 1-8 family members and in some ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s). This motif is critical for function of E2s in covalently linking ubiquitin to targeted proteins. Northern blotting revealed that bovine endometrial 1-8U and Leu-13 mRNAs were upregulated on Day 15 of pregnancy (P < 0.0001) and continued to accumulate through Day 18 of pregnancy (P < 0.05) when compared with endometrium from nonpregnant cows. The bovine 1-8U and Leu-13 mRNAs were also upregulated (P < 0.05) by IFN
(25 nM) within 3 h, continued to accumulate through 12 h, and reached a plateau at 1224 h in cultured bovine endometrial cells. In situ hybridization revealed that mRNAs encoding 1-8 family members were heavily localized to glandular epithelium but also were present to a lesser extent in the luminal epithelium and stroma. The temporal upregulation of 1-8U and Leu-13 mRNAs by pregnancy and IFN
and tissue distribution of these mRNAs paralleled closely that of the ubiquitin homolog, IFN-stimulated gene product 17. These IFN-induced proteins probably work together to prepare the endometrium for adhesion of the developing conceptus.
1 Supported in part by NIH grant R01-32475-6 and USDA 97-02406 awarded to T.R.H. Research contributed in part to the 2000 SSR Trainee Research Award and to requirements for the Ph.D. degree at the University of Wyoming (J.K.P.).
2 Correspondence. FAX: 302 766 2355;thansen{at}uwyo.edu
3 Current Address: Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114.
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