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Estradiol-17ß Is Produced in Bovine Corpus Luteum¹

^a Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Faculty of Agriculture, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan ^b Institute of Physiology, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan 85350, Germany ^c Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of cytochrome P450 aromatase (aromatase) mRNA, its activity, and estradiol-17ß (estradiol) secretion in bovine corpus luteum (CL) during the estrous cycle. Expression of aromatase mRNA was examined in CL at the early, mid, late, and regressed luteal stages by using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Aromatase mRNA was detected in all luteal stages examined, although aromatase expression was significantly lower during the early and regressed luteal phases compared to the mid and late luteal phases. Moreover, cultured midluteal cells clearly converted exogenous [³H]androstenedione into estradiol, and an aromatase inhibitor significantly inhibited this conversion. To characterize the local release of estradiol within the CL during the estrous cycle, an in vitro microdialysis system (MDS) of CL was conducted. Estradiol in MDS perfusate was confirmed by a reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography in combination with enzyme immunoassays. Basal release of estradiol from microdialyzed CL did not change during the estrous cycle. Additionally, when freshly prepared midluteal cells were exposed to estradiol (10^-14 to 10^-9 M), estradiol stimulated prostaglandin (PG) F₂ secretion (P < 0.05), although it did not affect progesterone and oxytocin secretion. The overall results indicate that estradiol is produced locally in bovine CL throughout the estrous cycle, and they suggest that estradiol plays a role in regulating PGF₂ production in CL as an autocrine/paracrine factor.

First decision: 4 June 2001.

¹ Supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (no. 11460129 and 12556046) from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan, the Japanese-German Cooperative Science Promotion Program of the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), the German Research Foundation (Scha 257/14-2), and the Morinaga-Hohshikai.

² Correspondence. FAX: 81 86 251 8388;kokuda{at}cc.okayama-u.ac.jp

³ Current address: Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.

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