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Regular Article |
a Molecular Reproduction Research Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2W 1R7
b Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1A3
c Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1J4
The FSH receptor (FSHR) and retinoid receptors are critical regulators of gonadal function. Unlike the latter, the FSH receptors are expressed exclusively in ovarian granulosa and testicular Sertoli cells in a developmental fashion. Toward understanding the nature of various transcription factors that direct a tissue- and stage-specific expression of the FSHR gene, we have studied FP4, one of the two footprinting regions (FP3 and FP4) mapped at -241 to -269 and -284 to -303, respectively, upstream of the transcription start site of the ovine FSHR gene. Gel mobility shift assays with FP4 probe revealed two sequence-specific DNA-protein complexes in the presence of nuclear extracts from two immortal gonadal cell lines. Antibody supershift assays demonstrated that retinoic acid receptor (RAR) was involved in the complex 1 whereas steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) was present in the complex 2. Mutation studies revealed that DNA binding sites for RAR and SF-1 were overlapping each other within a 19-base pair length of nucleotide sequence of FP4, and a mutation in the half RAR binding site seriously affected SF-1 binding. Reporter assays showed that FP4 conferred SF-1 transactivation as well as RAR-mediated, ligand-dependent repression. Overexpression of SF-1 in a transformed Sertoli cell line partially overcame RAR-mediated suppression. For the first time, our studies reveal a direct retinoid modulation of the gonadotropin receptor promoter and suggest a mechanism by which activators and repressors compete for composite elements providing antagonistic pathways that could modulate the expression of FSHR.
1 This investigation was supported by grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR). W.X. holds a doctoral fellowship award of the CIHR.
2 Correspondence: M. Ram Sairam, Molecular Reproduction Research Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, PQ, Canada H2W 1R7. FAX: 514 987 5585; sairamm{at}ircm.qc.ca
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