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Regular Article |
a Departments of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology and
b Large Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4466
Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of oocyte and sperm treatments on rates of in vitro fertilization (IVF) in the horse and to determine the capacity of in vitro-matured horse oocytes to be fertilized in vivo. There was no effect of duration of oocyte maturation (24 vs. 42 h) or calcium ionophore concentration during sperm capacitation (3 µM vs. 7.14 µM) on in vitro fertilization rates. Oocytes matured in 100% follicular fluid had significantly higher fertilization (13% to 24%) than did oocytes matured in maturation medium or in 20% follicular fluid (0% to 12%; P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in fertilization rate among 3 sperm treatments utilizing 7.14 µM calcium ionophore (12% to 21%). Of in vitro-matured oocytes recovered 40–44 h after transfer to the oviducts of inseminated mares, 77% showed normal fertilization (2 pronuclei to normal cleavage). Cleavage to 2 or more cells was seen in 22% of oocytes matured in follicular fluid and 63% of oocytes matured in maturation medium; this difference was significant (P < 0.05). We conclude that in vitro-matured horse oocytes are capable of being fertilized at high rates in the appropriate environment and that in vitro maturation of oocytes in follicular fluid increases fertilization rate in vitro but reduces embryo development after fertilization in vivo. Further work is needed to determine the optimum environment for sperm capacitation and IVF in the horse.
1 Supported by the Link Equine Research Endowment Fund, Texas A&M University.
2 Correspondence: Katrin Hinrichs, Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Room 300A, VMA Building, TAMU 4466, College Station, TX 77845-4466. FAX: 979 845 6544; khinrichs{at}cvm.tamu.edu
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