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BOR - Papers in Press, published online ahead of print February 19, 2003.
Biol Reprod 2003, 10.1095/biolreprod.102.014035
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BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION 69, 117–124 (2003)
DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.102.014035
© 2003 by the Society for the Study of Reproduction, Inc.

Testis

Expression and Regulation of {Delta}5-Desaturase, {Delta}6-Desaturase, Stearoyl-Coenzyme A (CoA) Desaturase 1, and Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 2 in Rat Testis

Thomas Sæther2, Thien N. Tran3, Helge Rootwelt3, Bjørn O. Christophersen3, and Trine B. Haugen1,2

Andrology Laboratory, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics,2 Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Department of Clinical Chemistry,3 Rikshospitalet University Hospital, N-0027 Oslo, Norway

In mammalian cells, essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are converted to longer PUFAs by alternating steps of elongation and desaturation. In contrast to other PUFA-rich tissues, the testis is continuously drained of these fatty acids as spermatozoa are transported to the epididymis. Alteration of the germ cell lipid profile from spermatogonia to condensing spermatids and mature spermatozoa has been described, but the male gonadal gene expression of the desaturases, responsible for the PUFA-metabolism, is still not established. The focus of this study was to characterize the expression and regulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 2 (SCD2), and {Delta}5- and {Delta}6-desaturase in rat testis. Desaturase gene expression was detected in testis, epididymis, and separated cells from seminiferous tubulus using Northern blot analysis. For the first time, SCD1 and SCD2 expression is demonstrated in rat testis and epididymis, both SCDs are expressed in epididymis, while testis mainly contains SCD2. Examination of the testicular distribution of {Delta}5- and {Delta}6-desaturase and SCD1 and SCD2 shows that all four desaturases seem to be localized in the Sertoli cells, with far lower expression in germ cells. In light of earlier published results showing that germ cells are richer in PUFAs than Sertoli cells, this strengthens the hypothesis of a lipid transport from the Sertoli cells to the germ cells. As opposed to what is shown in liver, {Delta}5- and {Delta}6-desaturase mRNA levels in Sertoli cells are up-regulated by dexamethasone. Furthermore, dexamethasone induces SCD2 mRNA. Insulin also up-regulates these three genes in the Sertoli cell, while SCD1 mRNA is down-regulated by both insulin and dexamethasone. {Delta}5- and {Delta}6-desaturase, SCD1, and SCD2 are all up-regulated by FSH. A similar up-regulation of the desaturases is observed when treating Sertoli cells with (Bu)2cAMP, indicating that the desaturase up-regulation observed with FSH treatment results from elevated levels of cAMP. Finally, testosterone has no influence on the desaturase gene expression. Thus, FSH seems to be a key regulator of the desaturase expression in the Sertoli cell.

1 Correspondence: Trine B. Haugen, Andrology Laboratory, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Rikshospitalet University Hospital, N-0027 Oslo, Norway. FAX: 47 23 07 29 40; t.b.haugen{at}rh.uio.no




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