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Pregnancy |
Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma Agriculture Experiment Station,3
Department of Physiological Sciences,4
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology,5 College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
Conceptus-uterine communication is established during trophoblastic elongation when the conceptus synthesizes and releases estrogen, the maternal recognition signal in the pig. Interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) is a differentially expressed gene during rapid trophoblastic elongation in the pig. The current investigation determined conceptus and endometrial changes in gene expression for IL-1ß, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Rant), IL-1 receptor type 1 (IL-1RT1), and IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAP) in developing peri- and postimplantation conceptuses as well as uterine endometrium collected from cyclic and pregnant gilts. Conceptus IL-1ß gene expression was enhanced during the period of rapid trophoblastic elongation compared with earlier spherical conceptuses, followed by a dramatic decrease in elongated Day 15 conceptuses. IL-1RT1 and IL-1RAP gene expression was greater in Day 12 and 15 filamentous conceptuses compared with earlier morphologies while IL-1Rant gene expression was unchanged by conceptus development. The uterine lumenal content of IL-1ß increased during the process of trophoblastic elongation on Day 12. Uterine IL-1ß content declined on Day 15, reaching a nadir by Day 18 of pregnancy. IL-1ß gene expression in porcine conceptuses was temporally associated with an increase in endometrial IL-1RT1 and IL-1RAP gene expression in pregnant gilts. Endometrial IL-1ß and IL-1Rant gene expression were lowest during Days 10–15 of the estrous cycle and pregnancy. The temporal expression of IL-1ß during conceptus development and the initiation of conceptus-uterine communication suggests conceptus IL-1ß synthesis plays an important role in porcine conceptus elongation and the establishment of pregnancy in the pig.
2 Correspondence: Rodney D. Geisert, Department of Animal Science, Animal Science Building, Rm 114, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078-6051. FAX: 405 744 7390; geisert{at}okstate.edu
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