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BOR - Papers in Press, published online ahead of print July 9, 2003.
Biol Reprod 2003, 10.1095/biolreprod.103.019364
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BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION 69, 1449–1457 (2003)
DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.103.019364
© 2003 by the Society for the Study of Reproduction, Inc.

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Nuclear Receptor Coactivator Function in Reproductive Physiology and Behavior1

Heather A. Molenda3, Caitlin P. Kilts4, Rachel L. Allen4, and Marc J. Tetel2,3,4

Center for Neuroendocrine Studies,3 Neuroscience and Behavior Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003 Department of Biology, Neuroscience Program,4 Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, New York 12866

Gonadal steroid hormones act throughout the body to elicit changes in gene expression that result in profound effects on reproductive physiology and behavior. Steroid hormones exert many of these effects by binding to their respective intracellular receptors, which are members of a nuclear receptor superfamily of transcriptional activators. A variety of in vitro studies indicate that nuclear receptor coactivators are required for efficient transcriptional activity of steroid receptors. Many of these coactivators are found in a variety of steroid hormone-responsive reproductive tissues, including the reproductive tract, mammary gland, and brain. While many nuclear receptor coactivators have been investigated in vitro, we are only now beginning to understand their function in reproductive physiology and behavior. In this review, we discuss the general mechanisms of action of nuclear receptor coactivators in steroid-dependent gene transcription. We then review some recent and exciting findings on the function of nuclear receptor coactivators in steroid-dependent brain development and reproductive physiology and behavior.

1 Grant support by NIH R01 DK61935 and NSF IBN-0080818 (M.J.T.) and NIMH T32MH47538 (H.A.M.).

2 Correspondence: Marc J. Tetel, Department of Biology and Neuroscience Program, Skidmore College, 815 North Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866. FAX: 518 580 5071; mtetel{at}skidmore.edu




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