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Nuclear Origin of Aging-Associated Meiotic Defects in Senescence-Accelerated Mice¹

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,⁴ Brown Medical School and Women & Infants Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02905 Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine,⁵ Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543

Factors of both cytoplasmic and nuclear origin regulate metaphase chromosome alignment and spindle checkpoint during mitosis. Most aneuploidies associated with maternal aging are believed to derive from nondisjunction and meiotic errors, such as aberrations in spindle formation and chromosome alignment at meiosis I. Senescence-accelerated mice (SAM) exhibit aging-associated meiotic defects, specifically chromosome misalignments at meiosis I and II that resemble those found in human female aging. How maternal aging disrupts meiosis remains largely unexplained. Using germinal vesicle nuclear transfer, we found that aging-associated misalignment of metaphase chromosomes is predominately associated with the nuclear factors in the SAM model. Cytoplasm of young hybrid B6C3F1 mouse oocytes could partly rescue aging-associated meiotic chromosome misalignment, whereas cytoplasm of young SAM was ineffective in preventing the meiotic defects of old SAM oocytes, which is indicative of a deficiency of SAM oocyte cytoplasm. Our results demonstrate that both nuclear and cytoplasmic factors contribute to the meiotic defects of the old SAM oocytes and that the nuclear compartment plays the predominant role in the etiology of aging-related meiotic defects.

¹ Supported in part by Women and Infants Hospital/Brown Faculty Research Fund.

² Correspondence: David Keefe, Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Marine Biological Laboratory, 7 MBL Street, Woods Hole, MA 02543. FAX: 508 540 6902; dkeefe{at}wihri.org

³ Correspondence: Lin Liu, Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Marine Biological Laboratory, 7 MBL Street, Woods Hole, MA 02543. FAX: 508 540 6902; lliu{at}mbl.edu

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