| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111-1800
Developmental exposure to estrogenic chemicals induces morphological, functional, and behavioral anomalies associated with reproduction. Humans are routinely exposed to bisphenol-A (BPA), an estrogenic compound that leaches from dental materials and plastic food and beverage containers. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of in utero exposure to low, environmentally relevant doses of BPA on the development of female reproductive tissues in CD-1 mice. In previous publications, we have shown that this treatment alters the morphology of the mammary gland and affects estrous cyclicity. Here we report that in utero exposure to 25 and 250 ng BPA/ kg of body weight per day via osmotic pumps implanted into pregnant dams at Gestational Day 9 induces alterations in the genital tract of female offspring that are revealed during adulthood. They include decreased wet weight of the vagina, decreased volume of the endometrial lamina propria, increased incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine into the DNA of endometrial gland epithelial cells, and increased expression of estrogen receptor-
(ER) and progesterone receptor in the luminal epithelium of the endometrium and subepithelial stroma. Because ER is known to be expressed in these estrogen-target organs at the time of BPA exposure, it is plausible that BPA may directly affect the expression of ER-controlled genes involved in the morphogenesis of these organs. In addition, BPA-induced alterations that specifically affect hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis function may further contribute to the anomalies observed at 3 mo of age, long after the cessation of BPA exposure.
early development, environment, estradiol receptor, progesterone receptor, toxicology
2 Correspondence: Ana M. Soto, Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111-1800. FAX: 617 636 3971; ana.soto{at}tufts.edu
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  E. Diamanti-Kandarakis, J.-P. Bourguignon, L. C. Giudice, R. Hauser, G. S. Prins, A. M. Soto, R. T. Zoeller, and A. C. Gore Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement Endocr. Rev., June 1, 2009; 30(4): 293 - 342. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. N. Vandenberg, M. V. Maffini, C. Sonnenschein, B. S. Rubin, and A. M. Soto Bisphenol-A and the Great Divide: A Review of Controversies in the Field of Endocrine Disruption Endocr. Rev., February 1, 2009; 30(1): 75 - 95. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Varayoud, J. G. Ramos, V. L. Bosquiazzo, M. Munoz-de-Toro, and E. H. Luque Developmental Exposure to Bisphenol A Impairs the Uterine Response to Ovarian Steroids in the Adult Endocrinology, November 1, 2008; 149(11): 5848 - 5860. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. Yan, J. Chen, A. A Wiley, B. D Crean-Harris, F. F Bartol, and C. A Bagnell Relaxin (RLX) and estrogen affect estrogen receptor {alpha}, vascular endothelial growth factor, and RLX receptor expression in the neonatal porcine uterus and cervix Reproduction, May 1, 2008; 135(5): 705 - 712. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H O Goyal, T D Braden, C S Williams, and J W Williams Role of estrogen in induction of penile dysmorphogenesis: a review Reproduction, August 1, 2007; 134(2): 199 - 208. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H O Goyal, T D Braden, P S Cooke, M A Szewczykowski, C S Williams, P Dalvi, and J W Williams Estrogen receptor-{alpha} mediates estrogen-inducible abnormalities in the developing penis Reproduction, May 1, 2007; 133(5): 1057 - 1067. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A. Kamrin The "Low Dose" Hypothesis: Validity and Implications for Human Risk International Journal of Toxicology, January 1, 2007; 26(1): 13 - 23. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. N. Vandenberg, M. V. Maffini, P. R. Wadia, C. Sonnenschein, B. S. Rubin, and A. M. Soto Exposure to Environmentally Relevant Doses of the Xenoestrogen Bisphenol-A Alters Development of the Fetal Mouse Mammary Gland Endocrinology, January 1, 2007; 148(1): 116 - 127. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. C. Smith and H. S. Taylor Xenoestrogen exposure imprints expression of genes (Hoxa10) required for normal uterine development FASEB J, January 1, 2007; 21(1): 239 - 246. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. S. Rubin, J. R. Lenkowski, C. M. Schaeberle, L. N. Vandenberg, P. M. Ronsheim, and A. M. Soto Evidence of Altered Brain Sexual Differentiation in Mice Exposed Perinatally to Low, Environmentally Relevant Levels of Bisphenol A Endocrinology, August 1, 2006; 147(8): 3681 - 3691. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S.-M. Ho, W.-Y. Tang, J. Belmonte de Frausto, and G. S. Prins Developmental Exposure to Estradiol and Bisphenol A Increases Susceptibility to Prostate Carcinogenesis and Epigenetically Regulates Phosphodiesterase Type 4 Variant 4 Cancer Res., June 1, 2006; 66(11): 5624 - 5632. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. V. Welshons, S. C. Nagel, and F. S. vom Saal Large Effects from Small Exposures. III. Endocrine Mechanisms Mediating Effects of Bisphenol A at Levels of Human Exposure Endocrinology, June 1, 2006; 147(6): s56 - s69. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Munoz-de-Toro, C. M. Markey, P. R. Wadia, E. H. Luque, B. S. Rubin, C. Sonnenschein, and A. M. Soto Perinatal Exposure to Bisphenol-A Alters Peripubertal Mammary Gland Development in Mice Endocrinology, September 1, 2005; 146(9): 4138 - 4147. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
