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Transcriptional Profiling of Pig Embryogenesis by Using a 15-K Member Unigene Set Specific for Pig Reproductive Tissues and Embryos¹

Department of Animal Science,³ Department of Health and Medical Informatics,⁴ Department of Computer Science,⁵ Molecular Biology Program,⁶ University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211 Monsanto Company,⁷ St. Louis, Missouri 63163

Differential mRNA expression patterns were evaluated between germinal vesicle oocytes (pgvo), four-cell (p4civv), blastocyst (pblivv), and in vitro-produced four-cell (p4civp) and in vitro-produced blastocyst (pblivp) stage embryos to determine key transcripts responsible for early embryonic development in the pig. Five comparisons were made: pgvo to p4civv, p4civv to pblivv, pgvo to pblivv, p4civv to p4civp, and pblivv to pblivp. ANOVA (P < 0.05) was performed with the Benjamini and Hochberg false-discovery-rate multiple correction test on each comparison. A comparison of pgvo to p4civv, p4civv to pblivv, and pgvo to pblivv resulted in 3214, 1989, and 4528 differentially detected cDNAs, respectively. Real-time PCR analysis on seven transcripts showed an identical pattern of changes in expression as observed on the microarrays, while one transcript deviated at a single cell stage. There were 1409 and 1696 differentially detected cDNAs between the in vitro- and in vivo-produced embryos at the four-cell and blastocyst stages, respectively, without the Benjamini and Hochberg false-discovery-rate multiple correction test. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis on four genes at the four-cell stage showed an identical pattern of gene expression as found on the microarrays. Real-time PCR analysis on four of five genes at the blastocyst stage showed an identical pattern of gene expression as found on the microarrays. Thus, only 1 of the 39 comparisons of the pattern of gene expression exhibited a major deviation between the microarray and the real-time PCR. These results illustrate the complex mechanisms involved in pig early embryonic development.

early development, embryo, gene expression, gene regulation, in vitro fertilization, pig

² Correspondence: R.S. Prather, E125D ASRC, 920 East Campus Dr., University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211. FAX: 573 884 7827; PratherR{at}Missouri.Edu

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