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BOR - Papers in Press, published online ahead of print August 24, 2005.
Biol Reprod 2005, 10.1095/biolreprod.105.044727
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BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION 73, 1275–1281 (2005)
DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.105.044727
© 2005 by the Society for the Study of Reproduction, Inc.

Research Article

Promoter-Specific Expression of the Imprinted IGF2 Gene in Cattle (Bos taurus)1

Carol Curchoe 3 4, Shouquan Zhang 3 46 , Yanfang Bin 6, Xiquan Zhang 6, Lan Yang 4, Dingyuan Feng 6, Michael O'Neill 5, and X. Cindy Tian 2 4

Department of Animal Science/Center for Regenerative Biology,4 Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology,5 University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269 College of Animal Science,6 South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China

ABSTRACT

The domestic cattle (Bos taurus) has been a good animal model for embryo biotechnologies, such as in vitro fertilization and nuclear transfer. However, animals produced from these technologies often suffer from large-calf syndrome, suggesting fetal growth disregulation. The product of the insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) gene is one of the most important fetal mitogens known to date. A detailed analysis of age-, tissue-, and allele-specific expression of IGF2 has not been performed in the bovine mainly because the majority of the bovine sequence has been unavailable. In the present study, we obtained virtually the entire sequence of the bovine IGF2 cDNA, identified expressed single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in both exons 3 and 10, and determined the age-, tissue-, and promoter-specific expression of bovine IGF2 in fetal, calf, and adult tissues. We found that, similar to the human and mouse, bovine IGF2 is subjected to extensive transcriptional regulation through multiple promoters, alternative splicing and polyadenylation, as well as genetic imprinting. However, major differences were found in the regulation of the bovine IGF2 in nearly all aspects of age-, tissue-, promoter-, and allele-specific expression of IGF2, and the promoter-specific loss of imprinting from every other species studied, including cattle's close relatives, the sheep and the pig. The data presented here are of important reference value to cattle produced from embryo biotechnologies.

cattle, gene regulation, growth factors, IGF2, imprinting

FOOTNOTES

1 Supported by NIH (HD40889) and USDA (02402) to X.C.T. S.Z. was partially supported by a scholarship from The China Education Fund.

2 Correspondence: X. Cindy Tian, 1392 Storrs Road, Storrs, CT 06269-4243. FAX: 860 486 8809; xiuchun.tian{at}uconn.edu

3 These authors contributed equally to this work.






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Copyright © 2005 by the Society for the Study of Reproduction.