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BOR - Papers in Press, published online ahead of print November 30, 2005.
Biol Reprod 2005, 10.1095/biolreprod.105.042333
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BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION 74, 552–559 (2006)
DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.105.042333
© 2006 by the Society for the Study of Reproduction, Inc.

Research Article

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Participates in the Interferon-gamma-Induced Cell Death Process in Cultured Bovine Luteal Cells1

Matthew J. Cannon , and Joy L. Pate 2 

Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University/Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio 44691

ABSTRACT

Interferon-gamma (IFNG) induces apoptotic cell death in bovine luteal cells, but the pathway(s) involved in this process are not well defined. Evidence supporting the involvement of an IFNG-inducible enzymatic pathway that degrades tryptophan in IFNG-induced death of bovine luteal cells is presented in this study. The IFNG-inducible enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (INDO) catalyzes the first step in a metabolic pathway that degrades tryptophan. In the first experiment, RT-PCR revealed the presence of INDO mRNA in luteal cells treated with IFNG, but not in untreated cells. To determine whether INDO participates in IFNG-induced death of bovine luteal cells, an experiment was performed to test the effect of 1-methyl-D-tryptophan (1-MT), an inhibitor of INDO, on IFNG-induced DNA fragmentation in luteal cells. Single-cell gel electrophoresis and microscopic image analysis revealed that 1-MT inhibited DNA fragmentation induced by IFNG. To determine whether supplementation of cell cultures with additional tryptophan could also protect luteal cells from IFNG-induced DNA fragmentation, luteal cells were cultured in the presence of IFNG, and L-tryptophan was added to cultures to achieve final concentrations that were 5-, 10-, or 25-fold higher than the concentration of L-tryptophan found in nonsupplemented culture medium. Supplementation of IFNG-treated luteal cell cultures with elevated concentrations of tryptophan also prevented IFNG-induced DNA fragmentation. We conclude that INDO participates in IFNG-induced death of bovine luteal cells, through a mechanism that involves degradation of tryptophan, thereby reducing tryptophan concentrations to a point insufficient to meet luteal cells needs.

apoptosis, corpus luteum, cytokines, ovary

FOOTNOTES

2 Correspondence: Joy L. Pate, Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University/Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH 44691. FAX: 330 263 3949; pate.1{at}osu.edu

1 Supported by NIH grant HD37550 to JLP. Salaries and research support also provided by state and federal funds appropriated.






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Copyright © 2006 by the Society for the Study of Reproduction.