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Circadian Clock Gene Expression in the Ovary: Effects of Luteinizing Hormone¹

Department of Veterinary Biosciences,³ Neuroscience Program,⁴ University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802

ABSTRACT

A molecular device that measures time on a daily, or circadian, scale is a nearly ubiquitous feature of eukaryotic organisms. A core group of clock genes, whose coordinated function is required for this timekeeping, is expressed both in the central clock and within numerous peripheral organs. We examined expression of clock genes in the rat ovary. Transcripts for core oscillator elements (Arntl,Clock,Per1,Per2, andCry1) were present in the ovary as indicated by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Rhythmic expression patterns ofArntlandPer2transcripts and protein products were out of phase with respect to the central oscillator and in complete antiphase to each other. Expression ofArntlwas significantly elevated after the LH surge on the day of proestrus. Finally, hCG treatment induced cyclic expression of bothArntlandPer2gene products in hypophysectomized, immature rats primed with eCG. Collectively, these data suggest that the core underpinnings of the transcriptional/translational feedback loop that drives circadian rhythmicity is present in the rat ovary. Furthermore, the study identifies LH as a potential regulator of circadian clock gene rhythms in the ovary.

circadian rhythm, gene regulation, luteinizing hormone, mechanisms of hormone action, ovary

¹ Supported by National Institutes of Health grant ES012948 and the Illinois Governor's Venture Technology Fund (to S.A.T.).

² Correspondence: Shelley A. Tischkau, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 3840 VMBSB, 2001 S. Lincoln Ave., Urbana, IL 61802. FAX: 217-244-1652; tischkau{at}uiuc.edu

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