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BOR - Papers in Press, published online ahead of print October 30, 2002.
Biol Reprod 2002, 10.1095/biolreprod.102.008599
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Submitted June 20, 2002
Returned for revision July 12, 2002
Accepted October 25, 2002

Ovary


FOG-2 and GATA-4 Are Co-Expressed in the Mouse Ovary and Can Modulate Müllerian-Inhibiting Substance Expression

Mikko Anttonen 1, Ilkka Ketola 1, Helka Parviainen 1, Anna-Kaisa Pusa 1, Markku Heikinheimo 1*
1 University of Helsinki

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: markku.heikinheimo{at}helsinki.fi.

Abstract

Transcription factor GATA-4 has been suggested to have a role in mammalian gonadogenesis, e.g. through activation of the Müllerian-Inhibiting Substance (MIS) gene expression. Although the expression of GATA-4 during gonadogenesis has been elucidated in detail, very little is known about FOG-2, an essential cofactor for GATA-4, in ovarian development. We have now explored in detail the expression of FOG-2, along with that of GATA-4, in the fetal and postnatal mouse ovary and in the fetal testis, using Northern blotting, RNA in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry. GATA-4 and FOG-2 are evident in the bipotential urogenital ridge and their expression persists in the fetal mouse ovary; this result is different from earlier studies reporting GATA-4 down-regulation in the fetal ovary. In contrast to ovary, FOG-2 expression is lost in the fetal Sertoli cells along with the formation of the testicular cords, leading us to hypothesize that FOG-2 has a specific role in the fetal ovaries counteracting the transactivation of the MIS gene by GATA-4. Indeed, in vitro transfection assays verify that FOG-2 is able to repress GATA-4's action on MIS transactivation in granulosa cells. In postnatal ovary, granulosa cells of growing follicles express FOG-2, partially overlapping with the expression of MIS. Taken together, these data suggest an important role for FOG-2, together with the GATA transcription factors in the developing ovary.



Key words: Female Reproductive Tract • Ovary • Developmental biology • Early development • Gene regulation


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