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BOR - Papers in Press, published online ahead of print October 23, 2002.
Biol Reprod 2002, 10.1095/biolreprod.102.008789
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Submitted June 26, 2002
Returned for revision July 25, 2002
Accepted September 5, 2002

Pregnancy


Mouse Placental Prostaglandins Are Associated with Uterine Activation and the Timing of Birth

Jocelynn L. Cook 1, Maria C. Shallow 1, Dean B. Zaragoza 1, Kimberley I. Anderson 1, David M. Olson 1*
1 University of Alberta

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: david.olson{at}ualberta.ca.

Abstract

We explored a potential mechanism linking placental prostaglandins (PGs) with a fall in plasma progesterone and increased expression of uterine activation proteins in the mouse. PG endoperoxide H synthase-2 mRNA expression increased in placenta in late gestation in association with an 8-fold increase in PGF2{alpha} concentration, reaching a peak on gestational day (GD) 18. This coincided with the final descent in plasma progesterone and birth on GD 19.3±0.2. Implantation of a progesterone-releasing pellet to intact pregnant dams on GD 16 delayed birth at term until GD 20.9±0.4 and inhibited the GD18 increase in placental PGF2{alpha} levels in conjunction with a delayed fall in plasma progesterone that reached its lowest level a day after term birth. The mRNA abundance levels of uterine activation proteins, connexin-43 (CX-43), oxytocin receptor (OTR), PGF2{alpha} receptor (FP), and PGHS-2, and the uterine PGF2{alpha} concentrations all increased at normal term birth. At progesterone-delayed term birth on GD19.3, even though tissue PGF2{alpha} concentrations were at the high levels observed at normal term birth, CX-43 and FP mRNA levels were lower than at normal term birth, thereby possibly contributing to the delay of birth. These data are consistent with the concepts that fetal placental PGs affect the timing of birth by hastening luteolysis, that uterine activation initiates labor, and that birth may be delayed by blocking or decreasing the expression of two of the uterine activation proteins.



Key words: Parturition • Placenta • Progesterone • Uterus


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