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BOR - Papers in Press, published online ahead of print May 14, 2003.
Biol Reprod 2003, 10.1095/biolreprod.103.016444
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Submitted February 20, 2003
Returned for revision March 17, 2003
Accepted April 30, 2003


Oviduct-Specific Glycoprotein Modulates Sperm-Zona Binding and Improves Efficiency of Porcine Fertilization In Vitro

T. C. McCauley , W. C. Buhi , G. M. Wu , J. Mao , J. N. Caamaño , B. A. Didion , and B. N. Day *

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: dayb{at}missouri.edu.

Abstract

Oviduct-specific glycoprotein (OGP) displays estrus-associated regional and temporal differences in expression and localizes to the zona pellucida, perivitelline space and plasma membrane of oviductal oocytes and embryos, suggesting that it may have a role in regulation of fertilization and/or early embryonic development. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of exogenous OGP on in vitro fertilization and embryo development in the pig using a defined, serum-free culture system. In vitro matured porcine oocytes were incubated with homologous OGP (0, 1, 10, 20, and 40 µg/ml) for 3 h and washed prior to in vitro fertilization. Exposure of oocytes to 10 or 20 µg/ml pOGP reduced (P<0.01) the incidence of polyspermy compared with control while maintaining high penetration rates. When oocytes, spermatozoa or both were pre-incubated with 10 µg/ml pOGP prior to IVF, the incidence of polyspermy was similarly reduced (P< 0.01) by all three treatments without affecting penetration rates. The ability of spermatozoa to undergo calcium ionophore-induced acrosome reaction was similar with or without exposure to pOGP. However, fewer (P<0.01) spermatozoa bound to the zona pellucida when oocytes were pre-incubated with pOGP.To evaluate the effect of pOGP on embryo development,embryos were cultured in pOGP-supplemented medium for 48 h or 144 h. Both transient and continuous exposure to OGP enhanced (P <0.01) cleavage and blastocyst formation rate compared to the control. These data demonstrate that exposure of either in vitro matured oocytes or spermatozoa to pOGP decreased polyspermy and spermatozoa binding while maintaining high penetration rates of pig oocytes fertilized in vitro. Furthermore, pOGP exerted an embryotrophic effect independent of effects demonstrated on spermatozoa and oocytes at fertilization.



Key words: Embryo • In vitro fertilization • Oviduct • Ovum • Sperm


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