Ovary

Regulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-19 Messenger RNA Expression in the Rat Ovary

Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are instrumental in the constant tissue remodeling in the ovary. An induction of MMP-19 mRNA in periovulatory follicles has been reported in mouse ovaries. However, little is known about MMP-19 expression during the follicular and luteal period, or about the ovarian regulation of MMP-19 mRNA expression. We examined the expression pattern of MMP-19 mRNA during various reproductive phases and the periovulatory regulation of MMP-19 mRNA in the rat ovary. In gonadotropin-primed immature rat ovaries, levels of MMP- 19 mRNA transiently increased during both follicular growth and ovulation. MMP-19 mRNA was localized to the theca-interstitial layer of growing follicles and to the granulosa and theca-interstitial layer of periovulatory follicles. A similar expression pattern of MMP-19 mRNA in periovulatory follicles was observed in ovaries from naturally cycling adult rats. Accumulation of MMP-19 mRNA was detected in regressing CL. The regulation of MMP-19 mRNA expression during the periovulatory period was investigated via in vivo studies and through in vitro culture studies on follicular cells. The hCG-induction of MMP-19 mRNA was mimicked by treating granulosa cells, but not theca-interstitial cells, from preovulatory follicles with LH or activators of the PKA or PKC pathways. Cyclohexamide blocked the LH or forskolin- induced MMP-19 mRNA expression, demonstrating the requirement for new protein synthesis. In contrast, blocking the activation of the progesterone receptor or prostaglandin synthesis had no effect on the increase in MMP-19 mRNA expression. In conclusion, the induction of MMP-19 mRNA suggests an important role of this proteinase during follicular growth, ovulation, and luteal regression.

Key words: Ovary • Corpus luteum • Follicle-stimulating hormone • Luteinizing hormone • Ovulation

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