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BOR - Papers in Press, published online ahead of print September 5, 2007.
Biol Reprod 2007, 10.1095/biolreprod.107.063149
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Submitted May 30, 2007
Returned for revision June 27, 2007
Accepted August 16, 2007

Embryo


Dynamic Reprogramming of Histone Acetylation and Methylation in the First Cell Cycle of Cloned Mouse Embryos

Fengchao Wang , Zhaohui Kou , Yu Zhang , and Shaorong Gao *

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: gaoshaorong{at}nibs.ac.cn.

Abstract
Epigenetic reprogramming has been considered important for development of cloned embryos reconstructed by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). In the present study, dynamic reprogramming of histone acetylation and methylation modifications was investigated in the first cell cycle of cloned embryos. Our results demonstrated that part of somatic inherited lysine acetylation on core histones (H3K9, H3K14, H4K16) could be quickly deacetylated following SCNT and reacetylation occurred following activation treatment. However, acetylation marks of the other lysine residues on core histones (H4K8, H4K12) persisted in the genome of cloned embryos with only mild deacetylation occurred in the process of SCNT and activation treatment. The somatic cloned embryos established histone acetylation modifications resembled to normal embryos produced by intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection through these two different programs. Moreover, treatment of cloned embryos with histone deacetylase inhibitor, Trichostatin A (TSA), could improve the histone acetylation resembling to normal embryos and it might contribute to improved development of TSA-treated SCNT embryos. In contrast to the asymmetric histone H3K9 tri- and dimethylation present in the parental genomes of fertilized embryos, the tri- and dimethylation of H3K9 were gradually demethylated in the cloned embryos and this histone H3K9 demethylation was suggested crucial for gene activation of cloned embryos. Together, our results indicated that dynamic reprogramming of histone acetylation and methylation modifications in cloned embryos was developmentally regulated.

Key words: Embryo • Developmental biology • Early development • Fertilization


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L. H. Shi, J. S. Ai, Y. C. OuYang, J. C. Huang, Z. L. Lei, Q. Wang, S. Yin, Z. M. Han, Q. Y. Sun, and D. Y. Chen
Trichostatin A and nuclear reprogramming of cloned rabbit embryos
J Anim Sci, May 1, 2008; 86(5): 1106 - 1113.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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