Biol Reprod
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Cover Figure


Cover: From "Effects of Leptin and Leukemia Inhibitory Factor on Preimplantation Development and STAT3 Signaling of Mouse Embryos In Vitro," by Péter Fedorcsák and Ritsa Storeng (Biol Reprod 2003; 69:1531-1538). Effect of several hormones and cytokines on preimplantation embryos is probably communicated by Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) proteins. Activation of cell surface receptors induces phosphorylation of STATs, which subsequently enter the nucleus and regulate gene expression. The images show the subcellular distribution of STAT3 (the six leftmost panels) and tyrosine-phosphorylated STAT3 (the four rightmost panels) in mouse blastocysts. STAT3-specific and phospho-STAT3-specific green fluorescence co-localizes with blue fluorescence of a cell membrane-binding lectin (arrows) and red fluorescence of a nuclear dye, indicating that STAT3 and phospho-STAT3 are located at the cell membrane and nucleus in mouse blastocysts.
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